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How to confirm the configuration parameters of the biological microscope focusing mechanism? What does it mean?

2026-07-09 · Yikmo Optics technical notes

The coarse adjustment handwheel and the fine adjustment handwheel are made on the same shaft, and a set of Z-axis lifting structure (single Z-axis) is shared without separating the two knobs.

Outer ring large knob: coarse adjustment, fast up and down focusing;

Inner ring small knob: fine-tuning, fine-grained view of cells, slice details; Advantages: single-handed can switch between fast and slow focusing, easy to operate, standard for ordinary biological mirrors.

Left hand side focusing wheel with travel limit lock: After adjusting the appropriate observation height, turn the limit buckle, the rough adjustment lifting will be stuck and can not be pressed down anymore.

Function: Prevent the high-power objective lens from press-poking the broken slide and scratching the objective lens; when repeatedly changing the sample for observation, you do not need to find the approximate focal plane again every time, and you can directly fine-tune it.

There is a damping adjustment ring on the side of the right hand wheel, which is used to control the resistance of the rough adjustment lifting and lowering.

If tightened: the coarse handwheel turns and sinks, the stage rises and falls slowly, and it is not easy to slip or accidentally collide with the objective lens;

If loose: smooth rotation, suitable for rapid and large-scale lifting of the sample; suitable for different manual operation habits, long-term use of the mechanism can also compensate for the hand feeling after slight wear.

0.2 mm/turn: Fine-tune the handwheel to complete one turn, and move the stage up and down by 0.2 mm;

0.002mm/lattice: Fine-tuning the outer ring is divided into 100 lattices, 1 lattice per rotation, lifting 0.002mm; Usage: high magnification mirror (40 ×, 100 × oil mirror) fine focus, distinguish the fine structure of cells, dye thin layer, this is the key accuracy index of the microscope.

The coarse handwheel is turned in a full turn, and the stage is lifted vertically by 37.7 mm. The coarse stroke is large, quickly lifting the stage, which is used to quickly switch the focal plane, place the slide, and quickly find the approximate imaging position of the sample.

First of all, we need to understand that this 30mm represents the total effective stroke of the Z-axis of the entire microscope: the stage can be moved up and down by a total of 30 mm from the lowest to the highest. It determines the suitable sample thickness: common slides, tissue slices, petri dishes (generally for small multiple objectives) can be compatible; the larger the stroke, the thicker the sample, the better the adaptability of the multilayer specimen.

Left limit: anti-pressure shredded slide; right damping: thickening and tightening;

Fine adjustment: 1 lattice of 2 microns, 1 lap of 0.2 mm, fine focus;

Coarse adjustment: one lap of 37.7mm, fast lifting;

Total lifting 30mm: The maximum vertical distance of the whole machine can be adjusted.

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